Painting a WWI US Marine

Some of this I talked about in my post almost two weeks ago; WWI USMC Weekend Work New Uniform Color. So there is some repeat information here.

The US Marines made up only a small portion of the AEF that deployed to Europe in 1917. The 5^th and 6^th Marine regiments along with the 6^th MG Battalion made up the 4^th Brigade of the US 2nd Division. The Marines entered the fray in their P1912/1917 “Forest Green” uniforms. These are very similar to the US Army uniform from the period differing primarily in the style of the pockets and of course the buttons all had the EGA symbol on them. Pershing refused to allow Marine replacement uniforms to complicate the already difficult logistics situation so the Marines were issued with US Army uniforms when they needed new ones (and not necessarily the whole uniform, sometimes just the pants sometimes just the shirt). He actually ordered the Marines to completely switch to the US Army uniform but based on the accounts I have read I don't think this actually happened. Essentially veteran Marines ended up completely clothed in Army uniforms by the end of the war.  However, Marine replacements continued to be sent over in their Forest Green uniforms creating a very rag tag look to the Marine regiments.

One of the objections that Pershing and the US Army had to the Marine uniform was how similar in color it was to the German Feldgrau uniform. My first attempt to represent this was with Vallejo Olive Grey and Feldgrau, mixed at 1:1 for the base coat then highlighting and shading from there. This gives a reasonable representation and in reality there probably were Marine uniforms close to this color. Quality control is not high on the list at this time and there was a fairly wide variation in uniform colors. But I really wanted a color a lot closer to the way the uniform is described. Kristopher Battles, a US Marine combat illustrator had taken a number of color pictures of Marines wearing WWI uniforms for some sketches he wanted to do and these were published on his blog. One of the two uniforms featured is pretty much spot on to the color I wanted to use.

I'm going for the uniform on the right, but with the helmet color on the left. The uniform on the left looks very brown, but in some of the photos in the fields it looks very green.

I experimented with some color mixing on my own but I couldn't quite get what I was looking for. I reached out to my friend Anne Foerster and asked if she was willing to take up the challenge. Getting a yes answer I sent over the pictures and she responded in less than 15 minutes with a series of colors to try. Being head of the Reaper paint department these were, of course, Reaper paints and since I had them in hand I gave it a try. She pretty much knocked it out of the park on the first try. There are two variations both of which occur in the shade coloring. At this point I can't really tell the difference although when the light is right Uniform 1 does appear a bit more brown. Here is what I’m working with:

P1912/1917 Uniform, Variant 1                                    P1912/1917 Uniform, Variant 2

Reaper MSP 9064 Brown Liner                                    Reaper MSP 9065 Grey Liner

Reaper MSP 9082 Jungle Moss                                   Reaper MSP 9082 Jungle Moss

Reaper HD 29834 Field Grey                                       Reaper HD 29834 Field Grey

Reaper MSP 9090 Misty Grey                                      Reaper MSP 9090 Misty Grey

I usually work from my shade color up. For Variant 1 I mix the Brown Liner 1:1 with the Jungle Moss, this gives the shadows a browner look. For Variant 2 I substitute the Brown Liner for the Grey Liner, this gives a blacker shadow. Seriously use what ever you have on hand the difference is not great enough to see unless the light is right and you know what you are looking for. If I was going to pick one to work with all the time I would go with Variant 1 primarily based on the various pictures of Marine uniforms that I can find on the web. Most of these uniforms tend to have a bit of a brown cast to them. I do like the new variants better they come a lot closer to looking like our right hand uniform.

Here are the variants

There are four uniform color variations here. The difference is a bit more apparent here Uniform 2 does seem to be a bit darker than Uniform 1 in the group photo. From left to right; 2012 Vallejo Version, 2014 Vallejo Version, Variant 1, Variant 2, Variant 2 in mixed uniform.

The is the original done in 2012. I used the Vallejo Olive Grey and Field Grey as my base coat. These I worked up and down rather than from my more usual working from dark up.

This is one I did when I decided to post on the LAF for the Great War Paint Club. Its still Vallejo Olive Grey and Field Grey but its a bit greener. I used Vallejo Olive Drab as my shade color

Here is our Uniform Variation 1 using Brown Liner and Jungle Moss as the shade and working up.

Here is Uniform Variation 2 using Grey Liner and Jungle Moss as the shade and working up.

This is a mixed uniform but uses the Uniform 2 base.

My steps are as follows:

Step 1    Brown Liner 1:1 w/ Jungle Moss

Step 2    Jungle Moss

Step 3    Jungle Moss 1:1 w/ Field Grey

Step 4    Field Grey

Step 5    Field Grey w/ Misty Grey as desired for highlighting. I have found that a 1:1 with these two is about the highest highlight you should use. A little Misty Grey goes a long way!

Belts and such can be various shades of drab and khaki as desired to suit you, some of the belts I have seen have quite a bit of green in them so really if you have a combination you like I would continue to use it

My Skin tones tend to go through a lot of changes but I’m quite happy with the current one:

Step 1    Reaper HD 29821 Sunburn

Step 2    Reaper MSP 9259 Bronze Shadow

Step 3    Reaper MSP 9260 Bronze Skin

Step 4    Reaper MSP 9261 Bronze Highlight

Those are quick and dirty steps and quite frequently I use 1:1 mixes between the different colors as I work my way up from the shadow to the highlight. To ease transitions I will glaze things back with Sunburn. Although for a dirtier look I have used Reaper HD 29849 Umber Brown (and this color is not yet released, it is part of the Reaper BONES II Kickstarter, sold my soul for this one) as a glaze instead.

I have also found the FOW Brown Shade 200 (this is a re-branded Vallejo product, it might be one of their washes) to be quite useful for a quick wash across anything that would benefit from a little depth, in particular anything done in the drab US Army colors.

But for those of you who want to know everything these are the colors I’m using for the various bits (I don’t necessarily stick to this all the time, variation is a good thing):

Belts, pouches, backpacks and dusters

Vallejo Green Brown (879/114) or US Field Drab

FOW Brown Shade 200

Reaper MSP Green Ochre 9128 + a bit of whatever I used as my shade

Now to get some variation so everything doesn’t blend together to much this where things deviate

Dusters

Reaper MSP Green Ochre 9128 2:1 Reaper MSP Faded Khaki 9129

Belts, pouches and backpacks.

Reaper MSP Tanned leather 9031

Reaper MSP Tanned leather 9031 1:1 with Reaper MSP Khaki Highlight 9123

Putees

Reaper MSP Uniform Brown 9127

FOW Brown Shade 200

Vallejo Green Brown (879/114) + a bit of Reaper HD Field Green 29834

Boots

Reaper MSP Muddy Soil 9244

Reaper MSP Basic Dirt 9245

FOW Brown Shade 200

Reaper MSP Brown Sand

Rifle

Reaper MSP Harvest Brown 9200 + a bit of Reaper MSP Ruddy Leather 9109

FOW Brown Shade 200

Reaper MSP Harvest Brown 9200

Helmet Strap

Reaper MSP Ruddy Leather 9109

Helmet

Reaper MSP Jungle Moss 9082

FOW Brown Shade 200

Reaper HD Field Green 29834 2:1 Reaper MSP Jungle Moss 9082

Glaze with Vallejo Olive Drab 889/

I think that’s it!

WWI USMC Weekend Painting - New Uniform color

With a little incentive I finally finished off the WWI Marines that I started back in January (a theoretical re-boot at the time). The first surge of motivation came from the Great War Painting Club on Lead Adventurer. I'm a sucker for badges so I had to get some minis done for this and collect my badge.

From left to right: Old West Painting Posse, Lead Apocolypse - PA Painting Club, The Lovecraftian Painting Circle, The Colonial Painting Expedition and the Great War Painting Club. I have missed 3 or 4 but I don't intend to miss anymore.

After working on the ones for the painting club I thought I would finish tackling the rest of the platoon in groups of 4. At which point I promptly came to a stop. Then Bill Daniel, a local wargamer, told me that he was going to build a Belleau Wood board (similar to what Sydney Roundwood does) and another surge resulted. So this weekend I punched out the other 14 minis to flesh out my second platoon of Marines. One of the things that has been stopping me is I haven't been completely satisfied with my uniform color. While there was a lot of variation in the uniform color I still wanted something closer to what I have read. A forest green that could be mistaken for the German Feldgrau uniform. So I found these pictures (taken by Kristopher Battles, USMC Combat Illustrator, and yes, I asked for permission to use them; Granted!) taken as part of a USMC project. Both uniforms are USMC Forest Green. Specifications apparently were only a "suggestion" back in WWI.

The Marine on the right is the color I'm aiming for. I think the helmet on the right is the color that they were received from the Army. The one on the left is after a Marine painted it Forest Green color which was fairly common.

Again, my Marine is on the right

Looks more green in this photo and look how light the helmet is.

So I have been fighting with this color for a while now. My current formula yields a uniform that looks like this:

The Base Color for this is: Shade; Vallejo Olive Drab, Base: Vallejo Olive Grey 1:1 w/ Vallejo Feldgrau; Highlight: Panzer Aces Feldgrau Highlight

Although it has a Feldgrau base, I think I "greened" it out to much, So on Friday I texted my friend Anne and she proved that she is the color goddess. She suggested some colors from the Reaper Master Series paints that I had not considered; Brown Liner or Grey Liner, Jungle Moss, Field Grey and Misty Grey. I'm willing to experiment so I divided the minis in half and designated Uniform 1 as the following:

Shade - Jungle Moss 1:1 w/ Brown Liner

Base - Field Grey

Highlight - Add Misty Grey.

Uniform 2 would use the Grey Liner in place of the Brown Liner, everything else remains the same.

Here is a comparison after basing coating both "units"

Shade applied: Jungle Moss/Brown Liner

Shade applied: Jungle Moss/Grey Liner

Uniform 1 on the left, Uniform 2 on the right

It is hard to tell the difference between the two in the pictures. In person uniform 2 is a bit more "gray" than uniform 1.

I finished everything up with some intensive sessions on Saturday and Sunday and 14 minis are ready for basing. Here are the finished photos:

Uniform 1

Uniform 2

Uniform 3

At this point it is hard to tell the uniform 1 group from the uniform 2 group although I think the uniform 3 group will be easy to tell apart from the others. I'll finish the basing and mark the bottoms of the different uniforms mix them up and see if I can tell the difference or not. At this point I don't think it matters mostly because of the fact that I start with the shade and work my way up. If I start with the base coat and work both sides of that line there might be a bigger visual difference. The one aspect that I had doubts about was using Misty Grey as the highlight color, but it worked like a charm and I feel like the finished uniform color is pretty close to the Marine's uniform that I was aiming for.

The third platoon and fourth platoon of Marines are going to get mixed uniforms to show the transition from the Marine uniform to the US Army uniform. One platoon will get Forest Green tunics with Army Drab pants the the other platoon will get Forest Green pants with Army Drab tunics. The fifth platoon will be in all Army Drab (Pershing wouldn't allow the Marines to ship over replacement uniforms so they drew replacements from Army stores. However, Marine replacements all came equipped with the Forest Green uniform creating a very rag tag look, especially after Belleau Wood). I'm not quite sure how I'll approach the supporting units like MGs, Mortars and Artillery. The platoons at this point are just a convenient way for me to organize my miniatures for painting. Ideally they are setup for the out of print Warhammer Historical Great War rules, but I have no idea what we will be actually using.

I should be able to start the third platoon tomorrow, all the filing has been finished and they just need to be primed. I'll probably prime everything that I have bases for at this point.